Online creative community support: Framing of two independent documentary films? creation from Caochangdi Workstation during the COVID-19 pandemic

In late December 2019, the world witnessed the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which subsequently led to numerous social and work limitations including face-to-face communication and documentary production worldwide. While many studies have focused on the framing of COVID-19 by mainstream news agencies and political figures, few studies have concentrated on the perspectives of independent filmmakers regarding the pandemic. The challenges faced by these niche filmmakers during COVID-19 would have likely magnified and changed due to the uncertainties that befell filming and distribution. In this intrinsic case study, the researcher aims to explore the creative processes of two documentary films, Luo Luo's Fear and Entrapment, produced by emerging and experienced filmmakers, respectively, during the pandemic while participating in the Caochangdi (CCD) Workstation's Folk Memory Project. A qualitative thematic analysis was conducted on data collected from in-depth interviews with two participants and their reflective memos. This work also seeks to describe the filmmakers' experiences of filming during the pandemic and how these experiences framed their documentary filmmaking. Next, the researcher explores the salient visual framework used by the filmmakers through their documentary film analysis. Both films focused on their fears and challenges at this particular time of the pandemic, framing the entire film through internal monologues that have also become a distinctive style of their own creation. Overall, the current research contributes to the limited literature by focusing on the impacts of building of online strategies and creative community support on independent filmmakers' self-rescue during the pandemic and how visual framing can be enhanced in the study of films.

Understanding the influences on clinical decisions regarding ventilation of critically ill COVID-19 patients

Introduction: National Service Evaluations of COVID-19 ARDS care in the US and UK showed significant variability in clinical practice, and adherence to existing guidelines. To better understand the basis for this, we explored factors influencing decision-making around mechanical ventilation in COVID-19. Method(s): We conducted interprofessional focus groups identifying factors that influenced decision-making through thematic analysis. From this, we developed a questionnaire to validate these themes with a larger sample of critical care professionals across the UK. Kruskal- Wallis or Mann-Whitney U tests were used for data analysis. Result(s): There were 179 complete responses from doctors, nurses and physios. In their usual practice, 66% of clinicians reported adherence to national ARDS guidelines. However, 80% thought COVID-19 ARDS presented differently to their previous clinical knowledge/experience of ARDS and 72% thought deviating from usual practice was necessary. Doctors were more likely to think deviation was necessary (p < 0.001) but there was no difference across level of ICU experience (p = 0.845). Clinicians reported their ventilatory decision-making was most influenced by disease factors, followed by team then contextual and least by environmental factors (p < 0.001). Disease factor was seen as most important across profession and experience level. During COVID-19, 68% of clinicians reported not being confident in their ventilatory decision-making;however, clinicians who felt COVID-19 ARDS presentation fitted with their previous clinical knowledge/experience of ARDS reported greater confidence (p < 0.001). Confidence was not affected by experience (p = 0.522) or profession (p = 0.294) (Fig. 1). Conclusion(s): Clinicians were influenced by the uncertain understanding of COVID-19 ARDS, especially when they considered previous experiences to be less relevant. In the event of another novel disease, developing a consistent, understandable clinical models of disease should be prioritised to optimise decision making.

Global leishmaniasis surveillance: 2021, assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

This article discusses the global report on leishmaniasis surveillance, highlighting its significance as a major health problem in four eco-epidemiological regions of the world. The report provides an update on the GHO leishmaniasis indicators reported by 45 member states to WHO up to 2021 and describes specific indicators such as gender and age distribution, relapses, the AmBisomeR donation programme selected outbreaks, case fatality rates for visceral leishmaniasis, rates of co-infection with HIV and visceral leishmaniasis (VL), and the burden of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. It also discusses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on leishmaniasis surveillance efforts and the Kala-azar Elimination Programme in South-East Asia, as well as highlights adverse events after the administration of antileishmanial drugs and the need for continued surveillance efforts to control and eliminate leishmaniasis globally.

Outcomes of servant leadership among flight attendants: test of parallel and serial multiple mediating effects

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the parallel and serial multiple mediating effects of job insecurity (JIS) and occupational self-efficacy (OSE) in the association between servant leadership and work engagement (WENG).Design/methodology/approachData collected from 296 flight attendants in Korea were tapped to assess the study hypotheses. The linkages were tested via structural equation modeling. The phantom variable was used to estimate the parallel and serial indirect impacts of JIS and OSE.FindingsServant leadership fosters OSE and WENG, while it alleviates JIS. Both JIS and OSE parallelly mediate the effect of servant leadership on WENG. Contrary to what has been hypothesized, the findings lend no credence to the serial multiple mediating impact.Practical implicationsManagement should pay utmost attention to the promotion of employees to supervisory positions based on "stringent selection and hiring of people.” Flight attendants high on WENG should have job security. This is important because such employees exhibit good performance at work. Management should also organize training programs that would enhance flight attendants' OSE.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the relevant knowledge base by relating servant leadership to flight attendants' WENG through JIS and OSE. Because of the number of rising disengaged service workers across the globe, this study also gauges the factors influencing flight attendants' WENG and reports whether servant leadership, JIS and OSE influence their WENG at the same time. Unlike the preponderance of the empirical pieces, this study contributes to the literature by assessing the indirect effect of servant leadership on WENG via JIS and OSE as the parallel and serial multiple mediators using the phantom variable.

Myopia Control in the Republic of Ireland

Purpose: Tto estimate how many independent optical practices in the Republic of Ireland (ROI) are offering myopia control options to patients and parents. Method(s): 346 independent optical practices were identified in the ROI using a listing provided on the Association of Optometrists Ireland website. All practices identified were emailed to ask if they practised any myopia control. Practice websites (where available) were examined to see if myopia control was mentioned as a service offered. Some practices believed to be offering myopia control were phoned directly to ascertain if they were practising myopia control. This research was carried out between Feb and March 2019 (i.e. pre-covid restrictions in the ROI). Result(s): 17 independent practices in the ROI were identified as having fitted patients with contact lenses for myopia control. Five of the 17 were not advertising myopia control on their websites. Several practitioners who were not advertising myopia control on their websites reported that they still felt that they were in the early stages of learning about myopia control and were therefore only offering it to patients and parents who enquired about it directly. Conclusion(s): In spite of the increase in licensed contact lens options for myopia control in the ROI and the relative ease with which suitable patients could be fitted with myopia control lenses, practitioners still appear reluctant to engage in the practice. Copyright © 2022

Outcomes of servant leadership among flight attendants: test of parallel and serial multiple mediating effects

Purpose This paper aims to examine the parallel and serial multiple mediating effects of job insecurity (JIS) and occupational self-efficacy (OSE) in the association between servant leadership and work engagement (WENG). Design/methodology/approach Data collected from 296 flight attendants in Korea were tapped to assess the study hypotheses. The linkages were tested via structural equation modeling. The phantom variable was used to estimate the parallel and serial indirect impacts of JIS and OSE. Findings Servant leadership fosters OSE and WENG, while it alleviates JIS. Both JIS and OSE parallelly mediate the effect of servant leadership on WENG. Contrary to what has been hypothesized, the findings lend no credence to the serial multiple mediating impact. Practical implications Management should pay utmost attention to the promotion of employees to supervisory positions based on "stringent selection and hiring of people." Flight attendants high on WENG should have job security. This is important because such employees exhibit good performance at work. Management should also organize training programs that would enhance flight attendants' OSE. Originality/value This paper contributes to the relevant knowledge base by relating servant leadership to flight attendants' WENG through JIS and OSE. Because of the number of rising disengaged service workers across the globe, this study also gauges the factors influencing flight attendants' WENG and reports whether servant leadership, JIS and OSE influence their WENG at the same time. Unlike the preponderance of the empirical pieces, this study contributes to the literature by assessing the indirect effect of servant leadership on WENG via JIS and OSE as the parallel and serial multiple mediators using the phantom variable.

Leader–member exchange, work–family enrichment and their effects on mental health: the moderating role of remote e-work

Purpose>This paper aims to examine the effect of leader–member exchange (LMX) and work–family enrichment (WFE) on anxiety and depression, social functioning and loss of confidence as three dimensions of mental health. Furthermore, the paper aims to investigate telework and information and communication technology-based mobile work (TICTM) as a moderator of the effects of LMX and WFE on mental health.Design/methodology/approach>Data were collected from 214 Bangladeshi employees in the public and private sectors via an online survey. The partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and multi-group analysis were performed to gauge the abovementioned linkages.Findings>The findings reveal that LMX fosters employees' social functioning while it mitigates their losing confidence. The findings further indicate that WFE enhances social functioning while alleviating anxiety and depression. However, TICTM did not act as a moderator of the effects of LMX and WFE on three dimensions of mental health.Originality/value>Despite a plethora of empirical studies on LMX and WFE, no empirical studies have examined the effect on employee mental health as well as TICTM as a moderator in these linkages in the extant service literature so far. This paper set out to fill in these voids.

AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS, AGE and MALE GENDER IMPACT COVID VACCINATION AES MORE THAN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Background: Rheumatologists recommend vaccination in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) patients, but there are few studies on the occurrence of adverse events (AEs), particularly worsening disease related activity and unrelated immune reactions in these groups. Objectives: To evaluate the uptake of COVID vaccination in RA and axSpA patients, compare the frequency of AEs, and identify risk factors associated with vaccine AEs in two prospective cohorts comprised of these patients. Methods: The IMPACT study is a monthly survey of two prospective cohorts of established RA and axSpA patients in northern Alberta, Canada from November 2020-2021 who answered at least one or more Redcap surveys through de-iden-tifed email link surveying demographics, disease characteristics, COVID symptoms, treatment of RA and axSpA, health care utilization, vaccination status, vaccine AEs and use of cannabis. Univariate analyses evaluated independent variables associated with the dependent variables of (1) any AE, (2) any severe AE, (3) any arthritis fare, and (4) any severe arthritis fare, followed by multi-variate analyses of these four dependant variables using all clinically relevant variables from the univariate analysis. Results: 773/2167 patients (RA 574, axSpA 197) responded to at least one survey. 32/663 (5%) were single vaccinated, 631 (95%) double vaccinated and 230 (54%) triple vaccinated with 80% receiving Pfzer, 24% Moderna, 28% Astra-Zeneca and 30% 'other'. 456 (69%) reported at least one AE (Figure 1) with 21 (3%) patients seeing a physician for their AE. Increased age was associated with all AEs. RA patients had lower reported AEs versus axSpA patients for all AE defnitions except for severe arthritis fares. Generally, males reported worse AEs (Table 1). 'Any arthritis fare' was lower in patients reporting cannabis use. Conclusion: RA and axSpA patients showed high uptake of COVID vaccination with largely minor AEs. Older age and male gender were associated with more general and arthritis specifc AEs. The association of any AE and/or arthritis-spe-cifc AEs in SpA versus RA patients is a novel fnding which may correlate with the male predominance of SpA. The association of cannabis with fewer arthritis AEs may refect the nociceptive properties of cannabis.

LESS THAN EXPECTED IMPACT of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS and AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS DISEASE on COVID SEVERITY

Background: Throughout the pandemic, there has been ongoing concern that people with autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) will have more severe COVID-19 disease due to immune dysfunction associated with autoimmune diseases and their treatment. Objectives: We aimed to compare the severity of COVID-19 in patients with RA versus axSpA and characterize the predictors of COVID-19 severity during the pre-Omicron pandemic phases. Methods: The IMPACT (IMPact of infammatory Arthritis on COVID Outcomes STudy) study is a monthly survey of two established northern Alberta, Canada prospective cohorts of RA and axSpA patients from November 2020-2021 who answered Redcap surveys through de-identifed email link surveying patient demographics, disease characteristics, COVID-19 symptoms, treatment of RA and axSpA, health care utilization, vaccination status and vaccine adverse events. Descriptive and univariate analyses (dependent variable = severe COVID-19) were performed followed by multivariate analyses of all signifcant and clinically relevant independent variables from the univariate analysis. Infection severity was defned as any patient with COVID-19 symptoms who visited a doctor, ER or required hospital admission. Results: 773 of 2167 (36%) patients (RA n=574, axSpA n=197) registered in both cohorts answered at least one baseline survey, 28 (4%) reporting positive COVID-19 tests (24 positive once). Of 442 reporting COVID-19 symptoms during the survey, 11 (3%) were admitted for a mean of 4 days, 2 requiring ICU or blood clot treatment and 1 requiring advanced therapy. 116 (26%) visited a physician for Covid symptoms. Univariate analysis showed that the use of steroids, NSAIDs and increased disease activity were associated with having less severe infection but these associations were not signifcant in the multivariate analysis (Table 1). There were no signifcant impacts of RA vs axSpA, age, gender, treatment, disease activity, or smoking. Conclusion: Possible disease related risk factors for increased COVID-19 severity in RA and axSpA patients preceding the onset of the Omicron variant including use of steroids or DMARDs were not associated with severe infection. These fndings are consistent with other international studies whereby other non-rheumatic disease comorbidities played a greater role in infection severity.

Title Epidemiology of COVID-19 among population under 18 years-old: The Tunisian experience, March 2020-July 2021

Introduction/ Background: Children have a lower susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection than adults and experience less severe illness with 0.08% mortality. Since the emergence of new variants of concern, there are increased rates of infection across all age groups. This study aims to characterize COVID-19 among people under 18 years old in Tunisia. Methods: We conducted a national prospective study from March 02, 2020 to July 10, 2021. Data were collected by the National Observatory of New and Emerging Diseases via EPICOV and SARS-COV-2 database and concerned COVID-19 RT-PCR confirmed cases under 18 years. Viral mutations and variants in Tunisia, routinely monitored through a sequence-based surveillance using a representative sample of COVID- 19 patients in Tunisia, were also assessed. We did a descriptive analysis by gender, age group, region, outcome, and infecting sequence. We also calculated the cumulative incidence. Results: Out of 497,613 COVID-19 confirmed cases, 4.1% (n=20,434) were under 18. The average age was 12.5 +/- 5.1 years. Female were more affected than male (52.5% vs 47.5%). The cumulative incidence was 606,4/100,000 people under 18. The highest incidence rates occurred in weeks 1, 14 and 26 of 2021. Fifty-one children died from COVID-19, of which 67% were boys and 47% were under one year. Highest numbers were recorded during week 25 of 2021 (12%). Out of 208 samples sequenced, 41% (n=85) were VOC (84% Alpha, 15% Delta and 1% Beta). The Delta variant was mostly detected in Kairouan (62%). Impact: Our research describes COVID-19 among population under 18 years old since the beginning of the pandemic in Tunisia, which is important to know in order to orient preventive measures and adapt them according to the results. Conclusion: Our findings highlight that child COVID-19 is not uncommon, a majority being adolescents and with a high case-fatality rate. With the Delta variant, the control of cluster infections and preventive measures such as social distancing, hand wash, wearing mask and vaccination should be enhanced especially in family and school environment.

The COVID-19 and TB syndemic: the way forward.

Together, SARS-CoV-2 and M. tuberculosis have killed approximately 5.7 million people worldwide over the past 2 years. The COVID-19 pandemic, and the non-pharmaceutical interventions to mitigate COVID-19 transmission (including social distancing regulations, partial lockdowns and quarantines), have disrupted healthcare services and led to a reallocation of resources to COVID-19 care. There has also been a tragic loss of healthcare workers who succumbed to the disease. This has had consequences for TB services, and the fear of contracting COVID-19 may also have contributed to reduced access to TB services. Altogether, this is projected to have resulted in a 5-year setback in terms of mortality from TB and a 9-year setback in terms of TB detection. In addition, past and present TB disease has been reported to increase both COVID-19 fatality and incidence. Similarly, COVID-19 may adversely affect TB outcomes. From a more positive perspective, the pandemic has also created opportunities to improve TB care. In this review, we highlight similarities and differences between these two infectious diseases, describe gaps in our knowledge and discuss solutions and priorities for future research.

Self-efficacy and user behavioral intention to use online consultation management system

A consultation is an act of discussing a certain issue between two or more parties. Consultation is considered very important especially in the context of higher education. The Novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has shifted the education paradigm into digital dependency, including consultation management between students and academicians. However, a lack of studies has been conducted on the roles of self-efficacy towards user behavioral intention to use online consultation management systems in the aftermath of a pandemic. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy and user behavioral intention to use an online consultation management system. In terms of respondents, 270 students were selected based on convenience sampling. Findings were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 26 and SmartPLS version 3.2.8. Hence, this research revealed that proposed hypotheses were all supported. Self-efficacy has a positive and significant relationship with perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. On the other hand, both perceived usefulness and ease of use were found positively influence attitude towards using online consultation management system. © 2022, Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved.

Public health emergency operation centres: status, gaps and areas for improvement in the Eastern Mediterranean Region.

The functionality of Public Health Emergency Operations Centres (PHEOCs) in countries is vital to their response capacity. The article assesses the status of National PHEOCs in the 22 countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region. We designed and administered an online survey between May and June 2021. Meetings and Key Informant Interviews were also conducted with the emergency focal points in the WHO country offices and with other select partners. We also collected data on PHEOCs from the Joint External Evaluations conducted in the Region between 2016 and 2018 in 18 countries, and intra-action review mission reports conducted in 11 countries to review the response to COVID-19 during May 2020-June 2021 - and other relevant mission reports. Only 12 countries reported having PHEOC with varying levels of functionality and 10 of them reported using PHEOC for their response operations. This review formed the baseline of capacity requirements of National PHEOC in each country and will facilitate identifying benchmarks of areas of improvement for future national, WHO and partners support.

COVID-19 vaccine therapeutic trials review: published results and registered protocols

Background: Since the emerging of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in late 2019 and the World Health Organization (WHO) declaring it as a pandemic, a race to develop a vaccine against COVID-19 has started worldwide and therefore huge efforts and resources have been put into achieving it. This review summarizes COVID-19 vaccines in phase III and IV.

Towards Infrastructureless Piezoelectricity-Powered IoT Room Occupancy Tracking

In this research, we aim to use the underused power generation method of piezoelectricity and apply it to supply energy to other low-powered quality-of-life devices that are practical and helpful. Harnessing and harvesting the energy from piezoelectric material is done by aligning small piezo elements in a rectangular shape and incorporating them into an object commonly exposed to mechanical strain change. This research is about developing a doormat that will generate energy to charge a battery and keep it charged while it supplies power to a people sensor device. This project's function is to limit the number of people existing in a store or facility to minimize and stop the spread of the COVID-19 virus. The piezoelectric doormat will reduce phase errors, voltage drops across components and evenly distributes applied mechanical pressure among the piezoelectric elements in the doormat. The efficiency of this doormat will encourage users to put it to practical use in many different fields across different locations for various purposes. It will be easy to implement with other devices and systems and will have good mobility, supplying them with sufficient power and efficiency for extended periods, and will surely help the UAE become an even safer place during the world-spread pandemic.

The effects of on-the-job embeddedness and its sub-dimensions on small-sized hotel employees’ organizational commitment, work engagement and turnover intentions

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the impacts of links, fit and sacrifice as the sub-dimensions of on-the-job embeddedness (JE) on turnover intentions through the mediating roles of affective organizational commitment (AOC) and work engagement (WENG) and explore AOC and WENG as the two mediators linking on-the-JE to quitting intentions.Design/methodology/approachData collected from small-sized hotels in three waves in Ghana were used to assess the aforesaid relationships. The hypothesized relationships were tested using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe findings reveal that on-the-JE is negatively related to turnover intentions. Additionally, the relationship between on-the-JE and turnover intentions is partly mediated by AOC and WENG. The findings further demonstrate that AOC and WENG partly mediate the impact of links on turnover intentions.Practical implicationsManagement of hotels should enhance formal and informal connections between employees and their coworkers and supervisors through socialization tactics. Establishing and maintaining an environment that fosters social support would increase employees’ sense of belongingness and their proclivity to remain with the organization.Originality/valueLittle is known about the effects of the sub-dimensions of on-the-JE on work-related consequences in the hospitality and tourism literature. The literature is also devoid of evidence concerning affective variables as the potential mediators relating the sub-dimensions of on-the JE to turnover intentions. The study sets out to fill in these gaps.